The infrared oil meter is an instrument specially used to measure the oil content in water. It uses the principle of infrared spectroscopy to quantitatively analyze the oil in the water. It has the advantages of fast, accurate and convenient, and is widely used in water quality monitoring, environmental protection and other fields.
Oil is a mixture of various substances. According to the polarity of its components, it can be divided into two categories: petroleum and animal and vegetable oils. Polar animal and vegetable oils can be adsorbed by substances such as magnesium silicate or silica gel.
Petroleum substances are mainly composed of hydrocarbon compounds such as alkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, and alkenes. The hydrocarbon content accounts for 96% to 99% of the total. In addition to hydrocarbons, petroleum substances also contain small amounts of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. Hydrocarbon derivatives of other elements.
Animal and vegetable oils include animal oils and vegetable oils. Animal oils are oils extracted from animals. They can generally be divided into terrestrial animal oils and marine animal oils. Vegetable oils are oils obtained from the fruits, seeds, and germs of plants. The main components of vegetable oils are linear higher fatty acids and triglycerides.
Sources of oil pollution
1. Oil pollutants in the environment mainly come from industrial wastewater and domestic sewage.
2. Key industrial industries that discharge petroleum pollutants are mainly industries such as crude oil extraction, processing, transportation and the use of various refined oils.
3. Animal and vegetable oils mainly come from domestic sewage and catering industry sewage. In addition, industrial industries such as soap, paint, ink, rubber, tanning, textiles, cosmetics and medicine also discharge some animal and vegetable oils.
Environmental hazards of oil ① Harm to water properties; ② Harm to soil ecological environment; ③ Harm to fisheries; ④ Harm to aquatic plants; ⑤ Harm to aquatic animals; ⑥ Harm to human body
1. Principle of infrared oil meter
Infrared oil detector is a kind of instrument widely used in environmental monitoring systems, petrochemical industry, hydrology and water conservancy, water companies, sewage treatment plants, thermal power plants, steel companies, university scientific research and teaching, agricultural environment monitoring, railway environment monitoring, automobile manufacturing, marine Instruments for environmental monitoring, traffic environment monitoring, environmental scientific research and other testing rooms and laboratories.
Specifically, the infrared oil meter irradiates a water sample onto an infrared light source. The oil molecules in the water sample will absorb part of the infrared light. The oil content can be calculated by measuring the absorbed light. Because different substances absorb light at different wavelengths and intensities, different types of oil can be measured by choosing specific filters and detectors.
Its working principle is based on the HJ637-2018 standard. First, tetrachlorethylene is used to extract oil substances in water, and the total extract is measured. Then the extract is adsorbed with magnesium silicate. After polar substances such as animal and vegetable oils are removed, the oil is measured. kind. The total extract and petroleum content are determined by the wave numbers of 2930cm-1 (stretching vibration of C-H bond in CH2 group), 2960cm-1 (stretching vibration of C-H bond in CH3 group) and 3030cm-1 (aromatic hydrocarbons). The absorbance at A2930, A2960 and A3030 at the stretching vibration of C-H bond) band was calculated. The content of animal and vegetable oils is calculated as the difference between total extract and petroleum content. Among them, three groups, 2930cm-1 (CH3), 2960cm-1 (CH2), and 3030cm-1 (aromatic hydrocarbons), are the main components of petroleum mineral oils. “Any compound” in its composition can be “assembled” from these three groups. Therefore, it can be seen that the determination of petroleum content only requires the amount of the above three groups.
The daily applications of infrared oil detectors include but are not limited to the following situations: It can measure the content of petroleum, such as mineral oil, various engine oils, mechanical oils, lubricating oils, synthetic oils and various additives they contain or add; at the same time The relative content of hydrocarbons such as alkanes, cycloalkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons can also be measured to understand the oil content in water. In addition, infrared oil detectors can also be used to measure hydrocarbons in organic matter, such as organic matter produced by the cracking of petroleum hydrocarbons, various fuels, and intermediate products in the production process of organic matter.
2. Precautions for using infrared oil detector
1. Sample preparation: Before using the infrared oil detector, the water sample needs to be preprocessed. Water samples usually need to be filtered, extracted and other steps to remove impurities and interfering substances. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure the representativeness of water samples and avoid measurement errors caused by uneven sampling.
2. Reagents and standard materials: To use an infrared oil detector, you need to prepare corresponding reagents and standard materials, such as organic solvents, pure oil samples, etc. It is necessary to pay attention to the purity and validity period of the reagents, and replace and calibrate them regularly.
3. Instrument calibration: Before using the infrared oil meter, calibration is required to ensure measurement accuracy. Standard materials can be used for calibration, and the calibration coefficient of the instrument can be calculated based on the absorption spectrum and known content of the standard materials.
4. Operating specifications: When using the infrared oil meter, you need to follow the operating specifications to avoid incorrect operation that affects the measurement results. For example, the sample needs to be kept stable during the measurement process to avoid vibration and disturbance; it is necessary to ensure cleanliness and accurate installation when replacing filters and detectors; and it is necessary to select appropriate algorithms and methods for calculations during data processing.
5. Maintenance and maintenance: Perform regular maintenance on the infrared oil detector to keep the equipment in good condition. For example, regularly clean filters and detectors, check whether light sources and circuits are working properly, and perform regular calibration and maintenance of instruments.
6. Handling abnormal situations: If you encounter abnormal situations during use, such as abnormal measurement results, equipment failure, etc., you need to stop using it immediately and conduct troubleshooting. You can refer to the equipment manual or contact professional technicians for processing.
7. Recording and archiving: During use, the measurement results and equipment operation conditions need to be recorded and archived for subsequent analysis and inquiry. At the same time, attention needs to be paid to protecting personal privacy and information security.
8. Training and education: Personnel who use infrared oil detectors need to undergo training and education to understand the principles, operating methods, precautions, etc. of the equipment. Training can improve users’ skill levels and ensure correct use of equipment and accuracy of data.
9. Environmental conditions: Infrared oil detectors have certain requirements for environmental conditions, such as temperature, humidity, electromagnetic interference, etc. During use, you need to ensure that the environmental conditions meet the requirements. If there are any abnormalities, you need to make adjustments and handle them.
10. Laboratory safety: Pay attention to laboratory safety during use, such as avoiding reagents from contacting the skin, maintaining ventilation, etc. At the same time, attention should be paid to waste disposal and laboratory cleaning to ensure the cleanliness and safety of the laboratory environment.
At present, the new infrared oil meter LH-S600 developed by Lianhua has a 10-inch high-definition touch screen and a built-in tablet computer. It can be operated directly on the tablet computer without the need for an external computer and has a low failure rate. It can intelligently display graphs, support sample naming, filter and view test results, and expand the HDMI interface to a large screen to support data upload.
Post time: Apr-12-2024
